Free scan
California — CIPA

California CIPA and website tracking

California's wiretapping statute is the engine behind the session-replay and pixel lawsuit wave. Here's how it applies to websites — in plain language.

Wiretapping / session-recording statute
Statute type
Individuals can sue
Who enforces

The California Invasion of Privacy Act (CIPA), at Penal Code § 631 and § 632, prohibits intercepting or recording a communication without the consent of all parties. California is an "all-party consent" state.

Plaintiffs' firms have applied § 631 to websites by arguing that session-replay, analytics, and chat tools which capture what a visitor types or does — before the visitor consents — are intercepting a communication in real time, often with the help of a third-party vendor. The theory turns on timing: whether the tool recorded the interaction before consent was given.

This is why a consent banner alone is not a defense. If a session recorder or pixel fires and transmits data before the visitor clicks "accept," the banner didn't prevent the interception it was supposed to prevent.

Penalties & enforcement

CIPA § 637.2 provides a private right of action with statutory damages of up to $5,000 per violation (or three times actual damages), and plaintiffs argue each affected visitor session is a separate violation.

What this means for your site

Whatever the statute, the underlying test is practical: do third-party trackers collect or transmit visitor data before the visitor consents? RegSentry runs a real browser against your site and shows you exactly that — which scripts fire, when, and whether a consent banner actually held them back.

See what fires on your site before consent — free, 30 seconds, no signup.

Real browser scan, no signup to run it. You see a summary of the findings; the full report with every tracker unlocks with your email.

Related

California — CCPA/CPRAPennsylvania — WESCAFlorida — FSCAWashington — My Health My DataMassachusetts — Wiretap Act Exposure calculator
Monitor my site ($99/mo) Get the 2026 checklist